Prepaid Auto

Chennai இல் ஆட்டோவில் போவது என்றால allergy தான்....பயணம் கரடு முரடாக இருக்கும் என்பதை விட பேரம் பேசி சரிகட்ட மிகுந்த திறமை வேண்டும்...ஏரியா தெரிந்து, போக ரூட் சொல்லி, வண்டி ஓட்டும் பொது கதை பேசி இறங்கும் போது மீட்டர் பார்த்தல் கண்டிபாக தலை சுற்றாமல் இறங்கமுடியாது....

அதனை களையும் பொருட்டு pre-paid auto வசதி சென்ட்ரல் ரயில் நிலையத்தில் செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளது. வீட்டுற்கு வந்த விருந்தாளிகளை வரவேற்க சென்ற போது இந்த வசதியை பயன்படுத்த நேர்ந்தது. வரிசை இல் auto கள் அழகாய் நிற்க பேரம் பேசாமல் 2 ருபாய் டோக்கன் வாங்கி நாம் செல்ல வேண்டிய இடத்தை சொன்னால் அரசு நிர்ணயதுள்ள amount fill செய்து printout நம் கையில் கொடுக்கபடுகின்றது .

பேரம்பேசி 160 ருபாய் என்ற அளவிற்கு வந்த இடத்தில் pre-paid bill வெறும் 66 ருபாய் என்று வந்தது.... Autodriver இன் புலம்பல்களை தவிர்த்து இறங்கும் போது extra 10 ருபாய் குடுதத்தோடு 50 ருபாய் மிச்சம் புடித்த மகிழ்ச்சியில் வீடு சேர்த்தோம்...

இந்த வசதி chennai இன் முக்கிய இடங்களில் அறிமுகபடுத்தினால் மிகமிக நன்றாய் இருக்கும்....

பின்குறிப்பு : complaint நம்பர் PRINTOUT பின்புறம் உள்ளது...எனக்கு உபயோகபடுத்த வேண்டிய தேவை வரவில்லை...

Windows Server Interview Tips

What is PAE:
In computing, Physical Address Extension (PAE) is a feature of x86 and x86-64 processors that enable the use of more than 4 gigabytes[1] of physical memory to be used in 32-bit systems, given appropriate operating system support. PAE is provided by Intel Pentium Pro and above CPUs (including all later Pentium-series processors except the 400 MHz bus versions of the Pentium M), as well as by some compatible processors such as the Athlon and later models from AMD.

The x86 processor hardware is augmented with additional address lines used to select the additional memory, so physical address size is increased from 32 bits to 36 bits. This increases maximum physical memory size from 4 GB to 64 GB. The 32-bit size of the virtual address is not changed, so regular application software continues to use instructions with 32-bit addresses and (in a flat memory model) is limited to 4 gigabytes of virtual address space. The operating system uses page tables to map this 4 GB address space into the 64 GB of RAM, and the map is usually different for each process. In this way, the extra memory is useful even though no single regular application can access it all simultaneously.

For application software which needs access to more than 4 GB of RAM, some special mechanism may be provided by the operating system in addition to the regular PAE support.

What is AWE:
Address Windowing Extensions (AWE) is a Microsoft Windows application programming interface that allows a 32-bit software application to access more physical memory than it has virtual address space. The process of mapping an application's virtual address space to physical memory under AWE is known as "windowing," and is similar to the "overlay" concept of other environments. AWE is beneficial to certain data-intensive applications, such as database management systems and scientific and engineering software, that need to manipulate very large data sets.

The application reserves a region, or "window" of virtual address space, and allocates one or more regions of physical memory. Using the AWE API, the application can map the virtual window to any one of the physical regions. The application can reserve more than one virtual address space and map it to any of the allocated regions of physical memory, as long as the number of bytes reserved in the virtual address space matches that of the physical memory region.

AWE usage is coded into the application itself. An application must have the Lock Pages in Memory privilege to use AWE.

AWE does not depend on Physical Address Extension support or vice versa[1].




Diff between emergency disk and ASR
Emergency Repair Disk (ERD) is a specially formated bootable floppy disk made by some Windows operating systems that contains information about a particular Windows installation. This disk is designed to be used with the NTFS file system, and can be used to restore a computer to a bootable state if the registry or other fundamental system components are damaged.
Automated System Recovery (ASR) is a windows tool used to simplify recovery of a server's system or boot volumes. ASR consists of two parts: an automated backup, and an automated restore. The backup portion can be accessed in the Backup utility under System Tools.
ASR does not backup user's files or other data, only data necessary for restoring the system configuration state. Other backup systems should be put in place to ensure user's actual data files are also backed up. In the event of a failure an ASR restore is performed first, which allows user files to then be recovered.
ASR should be used only as a last resort because in preparation for a restore ASR will format the system and boot volumes of the hardrive, making other, less drastic recovery methods impossible.

ER replace Missing or corrupt system files but did not format drives or reconfigure storage info

ASR always format the boot volume and system volume before restoring the system
ASR automatically restore a system to working state after a system failure

What is Stub Zone
A stub zone is a copy of a zone that contains only those resource records necessary to identify the authoritative Domain Name System (DNS) servers for that zone. A stub zone is used to resolve names between separate DNS namespaces. This type of resolution may be necessary when a corporate merger requires that the DNS servers for two separate DNS namespaces resolve names for clients in both namespaces.

A stub zone consists of:

* The start of authority (SOA) resource record, name server (NS) resource records, and the glue A resource records for the delegated zone.
* The IP address of one or more master servers that can be used to update the stub zone.

The master servers for a stub zone are one or more DNS servers authoritative for the child zone, usually the DNS server hosting the primary zone for the delegated domain name.





What is the difference between Hardware RAID and Software RAID?

A: Hardware RAID uses a dedicated RAID controller card to provide RAID capabilities and is NOT operating system dependent. The RAID controller card used in a Hardware RAID configuration consists of an embedded processor that offloads all RAID processes, commands, and algorithms from the system processor and memory to that of the Hardware RAID controller. This allows the system processor to process other various commands.
Software RAID uses either a standard IDE or SCSI controller in conjunction with the operating system to provide RAID capabilities. Software RAID uses the system processor and memory, thus using precious processor time, making it unavailable to network and operating system requests, which in turn can slow down the response times and performance of the computer.

What is MBSA tool?
MBSA(Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer) is a tool used to check which security updates and service packs are to be installed on a server. It can be used to get the printouts of a report so that data related to the previous and current updates can be stored for further reference. MBSA tool can also be used to check for the updates that are to be evaluated and applied to SQL Server 2005 or an operating system.

What is FSMO:
Flexible single master operation
Domain-wide FSMO Roles:
Relative ID Master
Infrastructure Master
PDC Emulator
Forest-wide FSMO Roles:
Schema Master
Domain Naming Master

Schema Master: The schema master domain controller controls all updates and modifications to the schema. To update the schema of a forest, you must have access to the schema master. There can be only one schema master in the whole forest.
Domain naming master: The domain naming master domain controller controls the addition or removal of domains in the forest. There can be only one domain naming master in the whole forest.
Infrastructure Master: The infrastructure is responsible for updating references from objects in its domain to objects in other domains. At any one time, there can be only one domain controller acting as the infrastructure master in each domain.
Relative ID (RID) Master: The RID master is responsible for processing RID pool requests from all domain controllers in a particular domain. At any one time, there can be only one domain controller acting as the RID master in the domain.
PDC Emulator: The PDC emulator is a domain controller that advertises itself as the primary domain controller (PDC) to workstations, member servers, and domain controllers that are running earlier versions of Windows. For example, if the domain contains computers that are not running Microsoft Windows XP Professional or Microsoft Windows 2000 client software, or if it contains Microsoft Windows NT backup domain controllers, the PDC emulator master acts as a Windows NT PDC. It is also the Domain Master Browser, and it handles password discrepancies. At any one time, there can be only one domain controller acting as the PDC emulator master in each domain in the forest.

Ntdsutil.exe or MMC snap in

What is Active Directory? Active Directory is a network-based object store and service that locates and manages resources, and makes these resources available to authorized users and groups. An underlying principle of the Active Directory is that everything is considered an object—people, servers, workstations, printers, documents, and devices. Each object has certain attributes and its own security access control list (ACL).

How can you authenticate between forests?

Four types of authentication are used across forests: (1) Kerberos and NTLM network logon for remote access to a server in another forest; (2) Kerberos and NTLM interactive logon for physical logon outside the user’s home forest; (3) Kerberos delegation to N-tier application in another forest; and (4) user principal name (UPN) credentials

What types of classes exist in Windows Server 2003 Active Directory?
Structural class. The structural class is important to the system administrator in that it is the only type from which new Active Directory objects are created. Structural classes are developed from either the modification of an existing structural type or the use of one or more abstract classes.
Abstract class. Abstract classes are so named because they take the form of templates that actually create other templates (abstracts) and structural and auxiliary classes. Think of abstract classes as frameworks for the defining objects.
Auxiliary class. The auxiliary class is a list of attributes. Rather than apply numerous attributes when creating a structural class, it provides a streamlined alternative by applying a combination of attributes with a single include action.
88 class. The 88 class includes object classes defined prior to 1993, when the 1988 X.500 specification was adopted. This type does not use the structural, abstract, and auxiliary definitions, nor is it in common use for the development of objects in Windows Server 2003 environments

What Is the Global Catalog?
Global catalog contains a partial replica of every Windows 2000 domain in the directory. The GC lets users and applications find objects in an Active Directory domain tree given one or more attributes of the target object. It also contains the schema and configuration of directory partitions. This means the global catalog holds a replica of every object in the Active Directory, but with only a small number of their attributes. ...

What is a domain?

Domain as “a single security boundary of a Windows NT-based computer network.
What is a tree?
defines a tree as “a set of Windows NT domains connected together through transitive, bidirectional trust, sharing a common schema, configuration, and global catalog.
What is a forest?
defines a forest as “a group of one or more Active Directory trees that trust each other.
What is a schema?
“the definition of an entire database; the universe of objects that can be stored in the directory is defined in the schema.

What is an organizational unit (OU)

Defines an organizational unit as “a container object that is an Active Directory administrative partition.

What is a group policy
Group policy “refers to applying policy to groups of computers and/or users contained within Active Directory containers.

Win2000 & Win2003 Diff:
2003 supports up to 64 processors and max of 512GB RAM
2000 Supports IIS 5.0 and 2003 Supports IIS6.0
2000 has Server and Advance Server editions whereas 2003 has Standard, Enterprise, Datacentre and Web server Editions
Increased security for Internet connections
In 2000 we can create 1 million users and in 2003 we can create 1 billion users
In 2003 we have concept of Volume shadow copy service which is used to create hard disk snap shot which is used in Disaster recovery and 2000 doesn’t have this service
Automated System Recovery(ASR) is there, but 2k only Emergency Repair Disk(ERD) is there
In 2000 we cannot rename domain whereas in 2003 we can rename Domain
In 2000 we have cross domain trust relation ship and 2003 we have Cross forest trust relationship.

Stub zone is available
Where is the AD database held
The AD data base is store in NTDS.DIT

What is the SYSVOL folder?

The sysVOL folder stores the server’s copy of the domain’s public files. The contents such as group policy, users etc of the sysvol folder are replicated to all domain controllers in the domain

Files backup up during System state data backup:
Boot files and system files
Registry
COM+
System files under Windows File Protection
Active Directory, directory service -For domain
SYSVOL directory -For domain controller
IIS Metadirectory
Certificate Services database -For certificate server
Cluster Service information-For Cluster server

Monkey Business- Business Tactics

Monkey Business

Once upon a time in a village in India, a man announced to the villagers that he would buy monkeys for Rs.10.

The villagers, seeing there were many monkeys around, went out to the forest and started catching them. The man bought thousands at Rs.10, but, as the supply started to diminish, the villagers stopped their efforts.

So the man announced that he would now buy at Rs 20. This renewed the efforts of the villagers and they started catching monkeys again.

Soon the supply diminished even further and people started going back to their farms. The offer rate increased to Rs 25, and the supply of monkeys dropped so much that it was an effort to even see a monkey, let alone catch one!

The man now announced he would buy monkeys at Rs 50 ! However, since he had to go to the city on some business, his assistant would now act as buyer, on his behalf.

In the man's absence, his assistant told the villagers 'Look at all these monkeys in the big cage that the man has collected. I will sell them to you at Rs 35 and when he returns from the city, you can sell them back to him for Rs 50.'

The villagers squeezed together their savings and bought all the monkeys.
Then they never saw the man or his assistant again, only monkeys everywhere

Consultant Vs Cowboy-Article make me smile a Lot

Consultant Vs Cowboy

A cowboy named Bud was overseeing his herd in a remote mountainous pasture in California when suddenly a brand-new BMW 7 Series advanced out of a dust cloud towards him. The driver, a young man in a Brioni suit, Gucci shoes, Cartier sunglasses and YSL tie, leans out the window and asks the cowboy, 'If I tell you exactly how many cows and calves you have in your herd, Will you give me a calf?' Bud looks at the man, obviously a yuppie, then looks at his peacefully grazing herd and calmly answers, 'Sure, Why not?'

The yuppie parks his car, whips out his HP notebook computer, connects it to his Nokia N95 cell phone, and surfs to a NASA page on the Internet, where he calls up a GPS satellite to get an exact fix on his location which he then feeds to another NASA satellite that scans the area in an ultra-high-resolution photo. The young man then opens the digital photo in Adobe Photoshop and exports it to an image processing facility in Hamburg , Germany .. Within seconds, he receives an email on his Palm Pilot that the image has been processed and the data stored. He then accesses a MS-SQL database through an ODBC connected Excel spreadsheet with email on his Blackberry and, after a few minutes, receives a response. Finally, he prints out a full-colour, 150-page report on his hi-Tech Miniaturized HP LaserJet printer and finally turns to the cowboy and says, 'You have exactly 1,586 cows and calves.' 'That's right. Well, I guess you can take one of my calves,' says Bud.

He watches the young man select one of the animals and looks on amused as the young man stuffs it into the trunk of his car. Then the Bud says to the young man, 'Hey, if I can tell you exactly what your business is, will you give me back my calf?' The young man thinks about it for a second and then says, 'Okay, why not?' 'You're an IT Consultant', says Bud. 'Wow! That's correct,' says the yuppie, 'but how did you guess that?' 'No guessing required.' answered the cowboy.

'You showed up here even though nobody called you; you want to get paid for an answer I already knew, to a question I never asked. You tried to show me how much smarter than me you are; and you don't know a thing about cows...this is a herd of sheep. . .'
''Now give me back my dog''.

Ducks Quack, Eagles-A story must to read

Exceptional Customer Service

No one can make you serve customers well. That's because great service
is a choice.

Harvey Mackay, tells a wonderful story about a cab driver that proved
this point.

He was waiting in line for a ride at the airport. When a cab pulled
up, the first thing Harvey noticed was that the taxi was polished to a
bright shine. Smartly dressed in a white shirt, black tie, and freshly
pressed black slacks, the cab driver jumped out and rounded the car to
open the back passenger door for Harvey.

He handed my friend a laminated card and said:

"I'm Wally, your driver. While I'm loading your bags in the trunk I'd
like you to read my mission statement."

Taken aback, Harvey read the card. It said:

Wally's Mission Statement:

To get my customers to their destination in the quickest, safest and
cheapest way possible in a friendly environment.

This blew Harvey away. Especially when he noticed that the inside of
the cab matched the outside. Spotlessly clean!

As he slid behind the wheel, Wally said, "Would you like a cup of
coffee? I have a thermos of regular and one of decaf.."

My friend said jokingly, "No, I'd prefer a soft drink."

Wally smiled and said, "No problem. I have a cooler up front with
regular and Diet Coke, water and orange juice."

Almost stuttering, Harvey said, "I'll take a Diet Coke."

Handing him his drink, Wally said, "If you'd like something to read, I
have The Wall Street Journal, Time, Sports Illustrated and USA Today."

As they were pulling away, Wally handed my friend another laminated
card. "These are the stations I get and the music they play, if you'd
like to listen to the radio."

And as if that weren't enough, Wally told Harvey that he had the air
conditioning on and asked if the temperature was comfortable for him.
Then he advised Harvey of the best route to his destination for that
time of day. He also let him know that he'd be happy to chat and tell
him about some of the sights or, if Harvey preferred, to leave him
with his own thoughts.

"Tell me, Wally," my amazed friend asked the driver, "have you always
served customers like this?"

Wally smiled into the rear view mirror. "No, not always. In fact, it's
only been in the last two years. My first five years driving, I spent
most of my time complaining like all the rest of the cabbies do. Then
I heard the personal growth guru, Wayne Dyer, on the radio one day.

He had just written a book called You'll See It When You Believe It.

Dyer said that if you get up in the morning expecting to have a bad
day, you'll rarely disappointyourself. He said,

'Stop complaining! Differentiate yourself from your competition. Don't
be a duck. Be an eagle. Ducks quack and complain. Eagles soar above
the crowd.'"

"That hit me right between the eyes," said Wally. "Dyer was really
talking about me. I was always quacking and mplaining, so I decided to
change my attitude and become an eagle. I looked around at the other
cabs and their drivers. The cabs were dirty, the drivers were
unfriendly, and the customers were unhappy. So I decided to make some
changes. I put in a few at a time. When my customers responded well, I
did more."

"I take it that has paid off for you," Harvey said.
"It sure has," Wally replied. "My first year as an eagle, I doubled my
income from the previous year. This year I'll probably quadruple it.
You were lucky to get me today. I don't sit at cabstands anymore. My
customers call me for appointments on my cell phone or leave a message
on my answering machine. If I can't pick them up myself, I get a
reliable cabbie friend to do it and I take a piece of the action."

Wally was phenomenal. He was running a limo service out of a Yellow
Cab.
I've probably told that story to more than fifty cab drivers over the
years, and only two took the idea and ran with it.. Whenever I go to
their cities, I give them a call. The rest of the drivers quacked like
ducks and told me all the reasons they couldn't do any of what I was
suggesting.

Wally the Cab Driver made a different choice. He decided to stop
quacking like ducks and start soaring like eagles.

Eco Tourism-Thenmala

                            Ecotourism

Tourism we are aware...what about Ecotourism??

Ecological tourism, is a form of tourism that appeals to ecologically and socially conscious individuals. Generally speaking, ecotourism focuses on volunteering, personal growth, and learning new ways to live on the planet.

Eco-tourism is derived from two words - 'Ecosystem' & 'Tourism'. Together it is made Eco-tourism.

How about in India

In India places like Ladakh,Amboli,Karwar and Andaman and Nicobar Islands has been rated as ECO DESTINATIONS

Apart from these natural destinations also in south india we are having a planned ecotourism destination in kerala named as "Thenmala". 

Located between kerala and tamilnadu border this newly created destination has already started pulling people from all parts of Tamilandu and kerala.

First of its kind this spot has sculpture garden,Leisure zone,Musical dancing fountain, and culture zone as its attractions.

Accomodation facilities are available plenty in and around thenmala at an affordable cost and bookings for the same can be done through kerala tourism also.

Further Details of the same can be fetched in http://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/

Only because of people like them, the world is still alive

The thing is.... there is a family. Parents are doctors...and they had a son named jithenthran.

On 09/24/2008, he took his father's bike for seeing his friend and while return he met with an accident.

The people who are there know him and admitted him at chengelpattu hospital. Then they informed his parents and they took him to Teynampet Apollo hospital.
There the doctors examined him and said that his brain has lost all his senses and there is no way to give him life. Without controlling the sadness the parents understood the fact and they decided to donate his organs to the people.

First, his eyes were given to Sankara nethralaya, then his kidney was given to Apollo hospital for transplantation and atlast here comes the final everheard miracle. They decided to give his heart to a 6 year old boy who needs it. So they verified and at last found that the boy is struggling for life at Cherians heart foundation, Chennai.

But within 30mins that heart should be transplanted; They need to go 20kms and in Chennai traffic and doubted whether it will happen. Then the doctors called traffic police and asked their help and they prepared the ambulance with A/C. So fastly they removed the heart from their son and kept in an ice box and runned towards the ambulance.


When they came out the boy's father saw that ice box and cried like anything. The doctor who carried tht box ran like anything that he didn't even see the ambulance which is waiting outside and he entered the police car which was waiting. He said to the person to just go to Cherian hospital soon. The person who was standing near the car was the Assistant Commissioner and he without seeing his status and jumped to drivers seat and drove the car with full speed.

Every signal traffic got alert and left way for this car and at last within 15mins the heart was given to the doctors in Cherian hospital and it was transplanted to the small boy. Really heart touching....

Do u know the meaning of the name of the boy who died....

His name is Jithenthran - a person who will steal other's heart..............Yes , now he has stole everyone's heart.....

Really ... hats off to the parents ...
More info about this can be found in www.google.com itself .